Well, I will pre-digital during the Depression and always face-to-face, always. Very rare occasion by telephone. >> So you would just go to people's houses and find them when you wanted to talk with them. >> Or they would find me. And we'd meet on the street, on the street corner. Usually telephones then were different. It was a coin box. You had to put in a nickel five-cent piece. And once a month a representative from the telephone company came and empty counted them. Put them in his black bag, told you how many there were, and if they were in excess of some number he gave you back some money. Because if you made more than some particular number of calls, you got a share of that money back. Almost all my friends in elementary school that year or high school were living in the same block and in high school we did in class or around the school. This was almost obeying orders. We're going to read and write, do arithmetic, use proper grammar. Managed to obtain a legible handwriting. The average class size never varied. It was 48, always 48. 6 rows of 8. In most of the classes you were ranked. First row first seat was the smartest, usually a girl. Okay went to high school and junior college two years in the city system in Chicago. Then the Army was four years. When I came back, the universe was different and I was different. And I went right to the University of Chicago which was heavily populated by veterans. Everyone had the same attitude which was every hour you were not busy every hour was one eighth of a day before you were on somebody's payroll. In the period prior to being admitted to research. This is a critical step in the prelims, past prelims. You know about those. Then studying was intense. The rules for getting through. There were four prelims and passed for but the studying was fun. Studying was social and everything throwing problems at each other. What if what if what if? I finally left that phase when I encountered nuclear magnetic resonance? Which is the machine that's used for MRI starting in graduate school. The professor says here are several problems that I know about that are important and you discuss them and you come to an agreement on one of them. In 1951, I went across the street to join the Den May Laboratory for cancer research. This was all hands on, constant hands on, and innovating. I think I'm having an inch in a week. It's literally something didn't work. No, I got to do it this way and it was new, brand new. I kept doing brand new things. So I came to Albany in 1964. Now I've been here in this job. 12 in Chicago, 50 and a half here. School picked the date. The celebration of 50 years on the job. The drive is to produce an effective convincing grant application. An enormous amount of literature is there to make sure you're on the right track always. If you're funded then you're busy doing what you said you wanted to do and which the funding agency agrees you should have the money with which to do it. That's where we are now. The money shows up in a couple of weeks. So what I'm doing now, making sure that what we said we want to do the way we want to do it is still the best way. The work that's been sought in a succession of successful grant applications. Now quite a few years is a drug to prevent breast cancer and in reviewing what we had googling stumbled on the lead, which is the same drug ought to be a successful treatment for uterine fibroids in women. Uterine fibroids in women are great concern. The methods not so good inadvertently. The newest one has killed several women, so it may well be just a pill. Amazing thing, that's what can happen at this stage of research. In a few weeks, we'll be very busy doing what we said we intend to do. Have you ever heard the term estrogen receptor? Some cells are stimulated by estrogen. Some are not. Many, most are not. The cell has to recognize that there's estrogen. So there's a protein in the cell that combines with estrogen and only when that happens does the cell respond in aha, estrogen is here. And it does what it does when estrogen is there so I discovered it. Okay, estrogen receptor. Now, if you want to know if something is responsive to estrogen you can get a sample of the tissue and just do a chemical analysis to see if it contains the estrogen receptor. It's a big deal because it's applied to all breast cancer specimens and many other cancer specimens to find out whether they are, whether the woman should be treated as if she has an estrogen driven cancer or not. Off the cuff I'd say this has probably saved the lives of a quarter million women. Maybe more but the best thing is not to know how to treat breast cancer, but to prevent it. That's what we're trying to do, prevent it. Well, the signal corps doing that kind of stuff for a long time. And the conversation then was with people at other stations. Most of that, most all of that was from somewhere in New Guinea different places in New Guinea. After the second A bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Well, we at the station we are working at that time. We're going to form a rice paddy and they were water buffalo and etc. But there were antennas. Great run big antennas. Their telephone poles, four of them, in the shape located diamond shape with wires up high and they're aimed at another station. They're targeted. Anne is on the night shift. Dawn came and the rigors came. People climb. They climbed up. There was one antenna that was oriented to Vladivostok expecting communication with the Russians. We're on the same side, but they never engage in any communications that was idle. And these guys climbed up and dropped. They called it a curtain. Dropped through wires and pull it up again. What are they doing? They're reorienting to Japan. We were given dice called crystal which determines the frequency in which you're broadcasting. And then this Pearl changed to Pearl. Okay, so the rotation no, no after a long time. I walked around wondering what the heck's going to happen. You got a response, which was we hear you and then they began negotiating about a surrender of the exciting I'm not doing enough to be. An instinctive computer user most of what I do is search recent publications and a heck of a lot of time on PubMed National Library has everything 10% of the successful recognized famous researchers. And only 10% look at the problem and not at the light. You're following a line of research. And I can make this be a solution to breast cancer. And they work and work and work and work and work. And they advanced the field. There's a great deal of valuable information. My selfish opinion is they're not advancing breast cancer. Don't go over there. Don't go in the light. Go where the problem is. They have inspired you to do that too. Don't look under the lamp post.
