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Tonality and Atonality

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Getting Started With Music Theory

미시간주립대학교

4.5(190개의 평가) | 37K명의 학생이 등록함

This course is a brief introduction to the elements of music theory for those with little or no music theory experience. We will explore pitch, rhythm, meter, notation, scales, keys, key signatures, meter signatures, triads, seventh chords, and basic harmony. If you listen to music or play music by ear, and you want to know more about how music is organized and notated, this course is for you. By the end of the course, you should know all major and minor keys, how to read and write in treble and bass clef using standard meters and rhythmic values, and how to notate and harmonize a simple melody. This course can serve as a stand-alone basic music theory course, or it can be a springboard to more advanced theory and composition courses. Your instructor is Bruce Taggart, Associate Professor of Music Theory at Michigan State University, in the College of Music, where he has taught undergraduate and graduate music theory since 1996.

강의 계획서 보기

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4.5(190개의 평가)

5 stars
133 ratings
4 stars
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3 stars
4 ratings
2 stars
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1 star
6 ratings

FD

Jan 19, 2019

Clear concise modules, excellent instructor. Wish there were a sequel. Recommend highly.

JJ

Feb 16, 2017

Great Course, Already Told My Friend About It, I Learned So Much In So Little Time.

수업에서

Basic Materials: Overview, Tonality, Notation

Learning Outcomes: By the end of this module, you should be able to: (1) discuss the elements of music, (2) explain the difference between tonal and atonal music, (3) sing the tonic in tonal music, (4) identify the fundamental and partials of a note, (5) explain the difference between chord and harmony, (6) explain the five-line staff, (7) read and write notes using treble and bass clefs, and (8) identify rhythmic values in notation. You should be able to (9) distinguish between pitch and pitch class, (10) describe octaves and how to label pitches based on octave placement, (11) identify and write accidentals and find them on the piano keyboard, (12) and define equal temperament (the artificial scale used on the modern piano) and tell how it differs from other tuning systems.

Course Overview2:33

Tonality and Atonality6:44

Harmonic Function9:17

Harmonic Hierarchy4:14

강사:

Bruce Taggart
Associate Professor

스크립트

[MUSIC] In the last lecture I said that we will be looking at tonal music. Which is music that has a clear tonal center. In other words, there's a note that all the other notes seem to lead to or circle around. Listen to this simple folksong. [MUSIC] If I play just the ending of the song, but leave out the last note, you'll hear what I mean. [MUSIC] I bet you couldn't keep from singing, at least in your head, that last note. [MUSIC] The whole melody seems to be leading to this note, [SOUND] at the end. Even in the middle of the tune, we are aware of this centrally important note. If I stopped in the middle away from that note you could probably still sing it. [MUSIC] The note is here. [MUSIC] This note, the goal of all the other notes in the melody, is called the tonic. Music that has such a clear tonal center is called tonal music. This goal note is often the first note and usually the last note of a melody. As we'll see, it's the first note of the scale of notes used to create the melody. Here's an example of music in which no note is more important than the others. There is no sense of an inevitable destination note. [MUSIC] Such music is called atonal. We will only be talking about tonal music in this course, but as you listen to music, you might notice that much music seems to fall somewhere between tonal and atonal. There seemed to be tonal centers, but they may change so quickly or so often, that we can't identify a single tonic. As you listen to music try to hear the tonic. Is there there a note that the other notes seem to gravitate to? Remember that that the tonic pitch does not need to sound in order to be present. In this little tune fragment you never hear the tonic pitch, but you know it's there. [MUSIC] Can you sing the tonic? It's here [SOUND] even though it wasn't one of the notes I played. When we say that a song has a single tonal center or tonic, we also are saying that it is in a single key. That is, it is built from a set of notes that have the tonic pitch as their most important goal note. Usually, these notes can be arranged in stepwise order as a scale. With the tonic pitch as the first and last note. [MUSIC] You may also be familiar with scales using do, re, mi syllables. I'll talk more about these syllables in a future lesson. In future lectures, we'll talk about all the possibilities for scales and keys. But let's listen to a few more examples of tonal music to see if we can identify the tonic. [MUSIC] Here's the tonic. It was the first and last note. Here's another one. [MUSIC] Here's the tonic note, [SOUND], notice that this melody is very unusual because it ended on a note that is not the tonic. It ended on that note [SOUND] which makes it feel not quite finished. Here's another one. [MUSIC] Here's the tonic for this tune. [MUSIC] And one more. [MUSIC] And here's the tonic for this one. [MUSIC] All of these traditional tunes are built from a seven note scale centered around a single tonic. So for example, the first tune. [MUSIC] Is built from these notes. [MUSIC] And then there are two more notes in the scale [SOUND] that it doesn't [SOUND] actually use. And the tonic pitch is the starting note of the tune. That scale, in future lessons, we'll call a major scale. In this case, the tonic note is C [SOUND], so the scale used to build this melody is C Major. To put it another way, we say that this tune is in C Major. The tonic note, the starting note of the scale is C. And the mode is major. This tune also uses a seven note scale, which we'll call a minor scale. [MUSIC] This minor scale is also centered around C, so it's C Minor. I'll talk a lot more about scales, keys, and modes in future lessons [MUSIC]

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