Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression

멜버른 대학교

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While the human genome sequence has transformed our understanding of human biology, it isn’t just the sequence of your DNA that matters, but also how you use it! How are some genes activated and others are silenced? How is this controlled? The answer is epigenetics.  
Epigenetics has been a hot topic for research over the past decade as it has become clear that aberrant epigenetic control contributes to disease (particularly to cancer). Epigenetic alterations are heritable through cell division, and in some instances are able to behave similarly to mutations in terms of their stability. Importantly, unlike genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications are reversible and therefore have the potential to be manipulated therapeutically. It has also become clear in recent years that epigenetic modifications are sensitive to the environment (for example diet), which has sparked a large amount of public debate and research.

This course will give an introduction to the fundamentals of epigenetic control. We will examine epigenetic phenomena that are manifestations of epigenetic control in several organisms, with a focus on mammals. We will examine the interplay between epigenetic control and the environment and finally the role of aberrant epigenetic control in disease.

All necessary information will be covered in the lectures, and recommended and required readings will be provided. There are no additional required texts for this course. For those interested, additional information can be obtained in the following textbook.

Epigenetics. Allis, Jenuwein, Reinberg and Caparros. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press. ISBN-13: 978-0879697242 | Edition: 1

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귀하가 습득할 기술

CancerMolecular BiologyCancer EpigeneticsDna Methylation

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33%

가 이 강좌를 수료한 후 새로운 커리어를 시작함

38%

가 이 강좌를 통해 확실한 경력상 이점을 얻음

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가 급여 인상 또는 승진 성취

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100% 온라인

지금 바로 시작해 나만의 일정에 따라 학습을 진행하세요.

유동적 마감일

일정에 따라 마감일을 재설정합니다.

완료하는 데 약 17시간 필요

영어

자막: 영어, 스페인어

강사

강사 평가

4.95/5 (69개의 평가)

Dr. Marnie Blewitt
최고의 강사

Head, Molecular Medicine Laboratory

Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research

38,169명의 학습자

1 Course

제공자:

멜버른 대학교

The University of Melbourne is an internationally recognised research intensive University with a strong tradition of excellence in teaching, research, and community engagement. Established in 1853, it is Australia's second oldest University.

강의 계획 - 이 강좌에서 배울 내용

콘텐츠 평가97%(6,280개의 평가)

주

주 1

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

Week 1 - Introduction to Epigenetic Control

An introduction to and definition of epigenetic control of gene expression, and its importance in normal development. We will learn what chromatin is, and how its composition and packaging can alter gene expression. We’ll also discuss the best-characterised epigenetic modification, DNA methylation, and how it is not only implicated in regulating gene expression, but also in maintaining genome stability.

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

7개 동영상 (총 65분), 5 개의 읽기 자료, 1 개의 테스트

7개의 동영상

Course overview1m

1.1 Introduction to the concepts of epigenetic control10m

1.2 Mitotic heritability of epigenetic marks10m

1.3 Chromatin and the nucleosome6m

1.4 Chromatin compaction - heterochromatin versus euchromatin9m

1.5 DNA methylation at CpG islands11m

1.6 DNA methylation at intergenic regions and repetitive elements15m

5개의 읽기 자료

Course syllabus10m

Teaching team10m

Start of course survey10m

Assessment and grading policy10m

Week 1 and 2 resources10m

1개 연습문제

Week 1 quiz - contributes 8% towards your final grade30m

주

주 2

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

Week 2 - Epigenetic Modifications and Organisation of the Nucleus

We’ll discuss the molecular mechanisms for regulating gene expression in some detail, from how the DNA is packaged at a local level, right up to how the chromatin is positioned within the nucleus. We’ll learn about the chromatin modifications implicated in gene silencing and activation, the role of non-coding RNA, and higher order chromatin structures. This week will provide you with a good understanding of the basic mechanisms that will help you understand the processes we discuss throughout the rest of the course.

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9개 동영상 (총 90분), 1 개의 읽기 자료, 1 개의 테스트

9개의 동영상

2.1 Introduction to histone tail modifications4m

2.2 Histone acetylation and histone methylation12m

2.3 Chromatin remodelling12m

2.4 Histone variants8m

2.5 Noncoding RNAs - microRNAs6m

2.6 Noncoding RNAs - piRNAs9m

2.7 Noncoding RNAs - long noncoding RNAs introduction10m

2.8 Long noncoding RNAs Xist and HOTAIR7m

2.9 3D organisation of the nucleus and summary of epigenetic marks17m

1개의 읽기 자료

Week 1 and 2 resources10m

1개 연습문제

Week 2 quiz - contributes 8% towards your final grade30m

주

주 3

완료하는 데 3시간 필요

Week 3 - Dosage Compensation

X chromosome inactivation is a really well-characterised epigenetic process that is now used as a model system to study epigenetic processes that are relevant more broadly. This is because it uses many epigenetic mechanisms, at many levels, to achieve really stable silencing of a whole chromosome. We’ll learn about this process and how it occurs in a mouse in great detail, which will greatly add to the mechanistic understanding gained in week two. We will then briefly discuss alternate mechanisms for dosage compensation that occur in other organisms.

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12개 동영상 (총 113분), 1 개의 읽기 자료, 1 개의 테스트

12개의 동영상

3.1 History and background of X chromosome inactivation13m

3.2 Timing of random and imprinted X chromosome inactivation8m

3.3 Stages of X inactivation - counting and control of Xist expression13m

3.4 Control of Xist expression by pluripotency factors6m

3.5 Stages of X inactivation - choice of which X to inactivate9m

3.6 Stages of X inactivation - initiation and spreading of silencing11m

3.7 Stages of X inactivation - establishment of silencing6m

3.8 Stages of X inactivation - maintenance of silencing e.g. Dnmt18m

3.9 Stages of X inactivation - maintenance of silencing e.g. Smchd18m

3.10 X chromosome inactivation summary10m

3.11 Dosage compensation in flies and worms, compared with mammals8m

3.12 Lessons from the fly - position effect variegation and screening for epigenetic modifiers10m

1개의 읽기 자료

Week 3 resources (including required readings)10m

1개 연습문제

Week 3 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30m

주

주 4

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

Week 4 - Genomic Imprinting and Epigenetic Reprogramming

We’ll learn about the two important periods during development for the erasure and resetting of the epigenome. There are two well-characterised features that are treated differently during epigenetic reprogramming; imprinted genes and repeats. We’ll learn about mechanisms for genomic imprinting, and study three examples in more depth.

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

6개 동영상 (총 68분), 1 개의 읽기 자료, 1 개의 테스트

6개의 동영상

4.1 Introduction to epigenetic reprogramming of the maternal and paternal genomes9m

4.2 Epigenetic reprogramming of imprinted genes and repetitive elements11m

4.3 Location of imprinted genes in the genome and bisulfite sequencing10m

4.4 Kcnq1 and H19/Igf2 ICR mechanisms of action and Beckwith Weidemann syndrome17m

4.5 Snrpn ICR mechanism, Prader Willi and Angelman syndromes13m

4.6 Summary of epigenetic reprogramming and imprinting6m

1개의 읽기 자료

Week 4 resources (including required reading)10m

1개 연습문제

Week 4 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30m

주

주 5

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

Week 5 - The Influence of the Environment on Epigenetic Control

We start to look at some of the big areas of interest in human epigenetics, including environmental influence on the epigenome, reprogramming of somatic cells back to stem cells, cloning, and potential transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. We’ll discuss what is known to happen to the epigenome during these process, and look at some seminal case studies.

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

6개 동영상 (총 90분), 1 개의 읽기 자료, 1 개의 테스트

6개의 동영상

5.1 Disrupted epigenetic reprogramming in assisted reproductive technologies15m

5.2 Disrupted epigenetic reprogramming in somatic cell reprogramming and cloning15m

5.3 Introduction of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, effects of the environment and sensitive periods in epigenetic control9m

5.4 The Dutch Famine human epidemiological studies and the Developmental Origins of Adult Health and Disease9m

5.5 Human epidemiological studies on the Overkalix cohort, grandparental effects and possibility of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in humans12m

5.6 Extension lecture: Interview with Dr Andrew Keniry26m

1개의 읽기 자료

Week 5 resources (including required readings)10m

1개 연습문제

Week 5 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30m

주

주 6

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

Week 6 - Mechanisms of Environmental Influence on Epigenetic Control and Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance Through the Gametes

A look at the mechanisms underlying some of the observations we discussed in week 5, through the study of model organisms. We’ll learn about metastable epialleles, which have allowed the study of transgenerational epigenetics in mice, and provided some evidence for transgenerational epigenetics in mammals.

완료하는 데 2시간 필요

8개 동영상 (총 102분), 1 개의 읽기 자료, 1 개의 테스트

8개의 동영상

6.1 Mouse and rat studies on paternal effects of chemical exposure, effects of maternal behaviour on epigenetic makeup14m

6.2 Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance via the gametes10m

6.3 The Agouti viable yellow allele in mice15m

6.4 Environmental effects on the Agouti viable yellow allele11m

6.5 The Axin fused allele in mice and metastable epialleles14m

6.6 Potential mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: incomplete epigenetic reprogramming9m

6.7 Paramutation in plants and paramutation-like effects in mice13m

6.8 Constitutional epimutation in humans - not transgenerational epigenetic inheritance12m

1개의 읽기 자료

Week 6 resources (including required readings)10m

1개 연습문제

Week 6 quiz - contributes 12% towards your final grade30m

주

주 7

완료하는 데 4시간 필요

Week 7 - Cancer Epigenetics

This week we’ll bring together much of what we’ve learned in previous weeks of the course, to understand how the epigenome is affected, and can also affect, cancer development and progression. We’ll then go on to discuss the potential therapeutic benefits that can come from using epigenetic biomarkers, and targeting epigenetic modifiers in cancer.

완료하는 데 4시간 필요

11개 동영상 (총 144분), 3 개의 읽기 자료, 1 개의 테스트

11개의 동영상

7.1 Overview of cancer epigenetics7m

7.2 Hypermethylation of CpG islands in cancer16m

7.3 Hypermethylation of sets of CpG islands in cancer11m

7.4 Hypomethylation genome-wide in cancer12m

7.5 Altered histone modifications in cancer11m

7.6 Long range epigenetic alterations in cancer and alterations to nuclear architecture10m

7.7 Altered expression on piRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in cancer9m

7.8 Mutations in epigenetic modifiers in cancer9m

7.9 Drugs that target the epigenetic machinery as chemotherapeutics17m

7.10 Extension lecture: Aging - Part 114m

7.11 Extension lecture: Aging - Part 223m

3개의 읽기 자료

Week 7 resources (including required readings)10m

Academic integrity10m

End of course survey10m

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Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression